12 Beautiful Places To Travel In November For Off-Season Prices

Healdsburg, CA

Healdsburg has become the bougie getaway for Bay Area locals and is home to some of the best wineries in the Russian River, Dry Creek, and Alexander Valleys in Sonoma County. Visit the French-inspired chateau at Jordan Winery for their magical Halloween tasting experience featuring fall-inspired hors d’oeuvres from Michelin star-rated chef Jesse Mallgren; tastings of current releases from winemaker Maggie Kruse; and a spooky walking tour through their historic oak tanks. The town's historic plaza features boutique shops, gourmet restaurants like the plant-based Little Saint and Valette (the Day Boat Scallops en Croute are a must table experience!), and tasting rooms like the sparkling-centric Healdsburg Bubble Bar. This is a perfect time of year – before the rainy season starts – to enjoy activities like hiking, biking, and kayaking along the Russian River too!

Savannah, GA

With perfect sightseeing weather and a busy month of festivals and events, October is an excellent, tourist-light time to visit Savannah. Grab a picnic and check out the free outdoor philharmonic concert in Forsyth Park earlier in the month or watch a flick at the SCAD Savannah Film Festival at the end of it. Known to be one of the most haunted cities in the country, Savannah’s ghost tours are a popular attraction during the Halloween season (be sure to make reservations in advance!). Stroll restored historic homes, shop for antiques in the Historic District, and take advantage of the warm temps along the coast. There’s surfing, paddle-boarding, and kayak tours at Tybee Island too. Stay at the Thompson Savannah in the Historic District, a short walk to the riverfront, where you can grab a bite at the Olympia Cafe for traditional Greek and Mediterranean and watch the riverboats go by.

Bath, England

If you're up for an abroad adventure, historic Bath, England is a treat. Known for its stunning Georgian architecture and Roman-built baths, the city is home to one of the best-preserved Roman sites in the world, alongside the iconic Bath Abbey and the elegant Royal Crescent. Enjoy the natural thermal waters at the Thermae Bath Spa and watch the sunset over the beautiful hills. Jane Austen fans can retrace her steps on the Jane Austen Trail, where the city inspired two of her six published novels. Enjoy Michelin-starred dining at The Olive Tree, the famed Sally Lunn's Historic Eating House for the OG Bath bun), and afternoon tea at the Royal Crescent Hotel and Spa. You can celebrate Halloween too! Visit Avon Valley Adventure and Wildlife Park’s Pick Your Own Pumpkin Patch; watch a fast-paced viewing of all 144 episodes of Buffy the Vampire Slayer at the Theatre Royal Bath; and visit a house of horrors at After Dark in Mary Shelley's House of Frankenstein. Bathtoberfestis also a thing with local pubs offering tastings, tours, and talks.

Texas Hill Country

After visiting Austin City Limits, get your cowgirl boots on and explore the nature-loving side of Texas, just west of Austin. The average 80-degree October temps make the area's rivers and lakes an ideal time for outdoor activities. Swim in natural pools, visit mysterious Natural Bridge Caverns, and hike waterfalls at Pedernales Falls State Park. Pop by the Dripping Springs Songwriters Festival (October 14-16) in downtown Dripping Springs, where 45+ songwriters will play “in-the-round" Nashville-style around the quaint Historic District. The Pound Historical Farmstead, a beautiful, 5-acre rustic property with Heritage Oak trees, offers a wine-tasting patio where you can celebrate Texas Wine Month with 12 different wineries, and enjoy the fall foliage at Texas’ most-visited state parks, Guadalupe River State Park, where you can hike or bike trails among colorful cottonwood and Cyprus trees. Visit the small town of Fredericksburg too for shopping, dining, Oktoberfest and the Fredericksburg Food and Wine Festival (Oct. 25-26).

Salem, MA

This historic seaside town, home to the Salem Witch Trials, is becoming more hip than haunting. Stay at The Cove at Salem, where you can cozy up by the fire pit on crisp fall nights, conveniently located near downtown and the Salem Witch Museum. Start your day with a pastry from the local favorite A&J King Artisan Bakers before wandering the cobblestone streets of Essex Street or soaking in the scenic views of the Waterfront District. Enjoy a slice of wood-fired pizza at Bambolina's, followed by a signature banana whipped frappe at Dairy Witch. Don’t miss the chance to relax on the seaside lawn and gardens at the House of the Seven Gables mansion (made famous by Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1851 novel of the same name). Take a harbor tour, visit a psychic, explore a haunted house, or step back in time at the oldest still-operating museum in America. Like ballet? Check out Dracula at the North Atlantic Ballet in October. Get ready for the world's largest Halloween celebration too with parties, parades, fairs, walking tours, and more — don’t forget to pack your costume!

Santa Fe, NM

Perfect for a fall girls trip, Santa Fe offers amazing food and culture, wellness retreats, creative experiences, and some of the best stargazing in the U.S. Share a cozy casita at the stunning Bishop Lodge, where you can start the day with Vinyasa flow before exploring the Santa Fe National Forest. Taste some of the best margaritas along The Santa Fe Margarita Trail, or learn about Native American culture by attending a feast day celebration, visiting a Pueblo and shopping for beautiful artwork. Take a day trip along the scenic Turquoise Trail, which links Albuquerque and Santa Fe (catch a breathtaking view from atop Sandia Crest, then drive back through the mining towns of Golden and Madrid). Food does not disappoint: Brunch at Dolina Bakery & Cafe or dine at the Spanish-inspired La Boca. Finally, visit the Georgia O’Keefe museum or book tour tickets toO’Keefe’s home about an hour north of Santa Fe for the ultimate creative inspiration.

New Orleans

As the temperatures cool down, the festival scene in New Orleans heats up in October. The month kicks off with NOLAxNOLA and ends on a high note with Taylor Swift’s The Eras Tour. In between, the city is dancing with events like the Crescent City Blues & BBQ Fest, Gretna Fest, Tremé Fall Fest, Praise Fest, Reggae Fest, and of course, all the Halloween celebrations, from Boo Carréat the French Market and Ghosts in the Oaks and Brews & Boos in City Park. For foodies, the National Fried Chicken Fest is a must, while art enthusiasts can explore the six-mile Art for Art’s Sake Festival. Nature lovers won’t want to miss the chance to "Swim with the Fishes" at Scales & Ales, an event that supports the Audubon Aquarium. October in New Orleans wouldn’t be complete without Oktoberfest. Head to Deutsches Haus for authentic German cuisine, including sauerkraut, bratwurst, and giant Bavarian pretzels. For the macabre curious, haunted houses like The Mortuary and New Orleans Nightmare are ready to deliver spine-chilling experiences.

Fairbanks, Alaska

It's Aurora season in Alaska, and October is a perfect time to view nature's dazzling show before it gets too cold. NASA predicted a peak season in 2024 for viewing the northern lights that will end in October, offering the best show in a decade thanks to increasing solar activity. Stay at the Aurora Villa, where you can watch the brilliant sky right outside your window or take a guided tour. Go on a reindeer walk at the Reindeer Ranch. Hike the Chena Riverwalk or the Wedgewood Wildlife Sanctuary, check out the award-winning University of Alaska Museum of the North, and take the Alaska Railroadto Anchorage on Sundays.

Newport Beach, CA

Want to squeeze one last month of beach time before the chill settles in? Visit Newport Beach, where average temperatures are in the 70s in October, making it perfect for enjoying the outdoors without the summer crowds. Watch migrating whales and dolphins, listen to Grammy-award-winning opera singers when The Resort at Pelican Hill and Pacific Vocal Series produce the first-ever open-air opera performance at the Coliseum Pool on Saturday, October 5th, and get inspired to build a sand castle at the Sand Castle Festival (throw in your hat at the Newport Beach’s Annual Sandcastle Contest too!). After, dine and dock with a Newport Beach dinner cruise, when dozens of coastal restaurants allow boaters to pull up and enjoy breakfast, lunch, happy hour, dinner, or after dinner drinks.

New Bern, NC

Nestled along the banks of the Neuse and Trent Rivers, New Bern is known for its picturesque streets lined with centuries-old homes, historic landmarks, and beautiful gardens. Visit Tryon Palace and explore the beautifully restored 18th-century governor's mansion and its lush, expansive gardens. The town’s vibrant downtown area is filled with quaint shops, art galleries, and delicious eateries like the upscale The Chelsea or quaint Morgan’s Tavern & Grill. Nature lovers will appreciate the scenic river views, especially at Union Point Park, where you can enjoy a leisurely walk along the waterfront or rent a kayak to explore the waterways. The nearby Croatan National Forest offers hiking trails and opportunities to see local wildlife. Check out MumFeston October 9-10, take a ghostwalk in historic downtown New Bern toward the end of the month, and wear your favorite costume for a visit at the Nightmare Factory Haunted Attraction.

Best Fall Foliage Destinations 2024

NYC + Hudson Valley

Live out your When Harry Met Sally dreams with a trip to NYC in the fall. Stroll around Central Park and Bethesda Terrace, one of its filming locations, and peep the yellowing maple leaves from here to the charming West Village. (Browse our editor's guide to NYC for Brooklyn favorites too). Then hop a Metro North train from Grand Central Terminal or drive to Hudson Valley and the Catskills for charming towns like Cold Spring, Rhinebeck, Hudson and Kingston. Halloween lovers will enjoy The Great Jack O' Lantern Blaze at the Van Cortlandt Manor in Croton-on-Hudson, starting in September. Check out The Amelia, a 19th-century Queen Anne-style home for an overnight and Grazin, a farm-to-table restaurant in an old diner, both in Hudson. Hike through colorful fall foliage at the Mohonk Preservein New Paltz, and then stop for afternoon tea at the Mohonk Mountain House. Pick apples at the Jenkins Leuken Orchards and score free cider tastings at Twin Star Orchards or Brooklyn Cider House for wood-fired pizza and the taste of fall.

Mackinac Island, MI

Get away from the hustle and bustle this fall and ferry across Lake Huron from Mackinac City, MI to historic Mackinac Island. This tiny island actually has a "no car" and no hotel chains policy, very much part of its appeal. Instead, stay at the coastal-grandma darling Hotel Iroquois on Lakeshore and rent a bike or horse carriage ride to admire the island's charming Victorian architecture along the East Bluff with grand views of Lake Huron. Don’t miss out on the Butterfly House (a butterfly museum), famous fudge at the Mackinac Island Fudge, and a sunrise kayak tour.

Cozy Autumn Getaways In New England

The Berkshires, MA

The Berkshires, located in western Massachusetts, is also part of the Appalachian Mountains, which turn all sorts of vibrant fall colors come autumn. Explore the scenic trails and visit historic sites like Edith Wharton's home, Ventfort Hall Mansion and the Gilded Age Museum, which is just five minutes away from Life House, Berkshires, a charming stay in the town of Lenox (decor lovers will swoon). Shakespeare and Company performing arts theater and Tanglewood Music Center are also nearby for some vacay entertainment. Other Berkshire towns to check out include Stockbridge and Great Barrington for shopping, dining, and more New England charm.

Kancamagus Highway, NH

One of the most scenic drives in New England is the Kancamagus Highway, AKA "The Kanc," a 35-mile road through White Mountain National Forest and the Mount Washington Cog Railway, the world's first mountain-climbing cog railway. Stay at the farmhouse-modern Colonial-era Launchpoint Lodge in Lincoln. Visit the Flume Gorge, a natural chasm at the base of Mount Liberty, and the Basin, a granite pothole at the foot of a waterfall. In town, Clark’s Trading Post is a theme park with a bear show, an Americana museum and a steam railroad, fun for kids. Fun for adults, visit the Seven Birches Winery inside RiverWalk Resort at Loon Mountain, which offers wine tasting daily and "Meet the Winemaker" tours weekly.

Stowe, VT

Stowe, a northern Vermont ski town, lives up to its nickname: "Fall's Color Capital." With a view of Mount Mansfield, AKA, the highest mountain in Vermont, drive along the scenic Smugglers' Notch Pass Scenic Highway, or Route 108, and stop to experience outdoor activities like biking and zip lining in the area. Prefer to soak in the quintessential charm of Vermont? Stroll downtown Stowe and take a Ben & Jerry's factory tour, sing The Hills Are Alive with an Austrian lager at the von Trapp Brewing (part of the resort owned by the original Sound of Music family), and don't miss out on their Oktoberfest 2024 celebration for the true spirit of fall.;)

Providence, RI

Start your Rhode Island adventure in the capital city. Take a leaf-peeping stroll and admire Providence's 18th- and 19th-century homes along College Hill. Visit the RISD Museum and the John H. Chafee National Wildlife Refuge and the many dining hotspots in the area like Oberlin or Persimmon for Modern American cuisine. Venture off from here for the Rhode Island foliage drive through charming coastal villages like Little Compton and Tiverton Four Corners. South Kingstown is home to scenic beaches, rustic farmlands, and historic landmarks.Sheperd's Run is a lovely stay in South Kingstown with a vineyard and tasting room in a lovely setting.

Washington, CT

Washington, Connecticut is just as New England-cute as the fictional Stars Hollow. Walk the Henry David Thoreau Bridge or Hidden Valley Preserve for your fall-foliage fix, and follow with shopping for unique accessories at stores like J. Seitz & Co. and colorful stationery at D.K. Schulman Design. Stroll around the Washington Green Historic District to see the town's colonial architecture and the Gunn Historical Museum for a dose of history. Find your next read at the Hickory Stick Bookshop (it even has a Rory Reads Book List). Check out the Washington Supply Company before eating at Marty’s Café or The Po Café. Kick your boot heels up at the Hopkins Inn, right on the north shore of Lake Waramaug. The Hopkins Inn beach is a great place to photograph all the fall foliagein town.

Best Places For Fall Hiking Trips

Jackson Hole, WY

Jackson Hole is a completely different town in the fall — gone are the ski people from out east, and here to stay are cowboys in town for the rodeos, bison herds roaming the plains, and fly-fishers on the Snake River. Stay at Spring Creek Ranch, a gorgeous retreat with a jaw-dropping 360-degree view of the Tetons. If you travel to Jackson Hole and don’t pay a visit to the Million Dollar Cowboy Bar, were you even there? Saddle up (literally) on one of the bar stools, order a round, and prepare for a night of dancing — the live music is consistently spectacular. Spend a day rafting in the wilderness (Jackson Hole Whitewater Rafting), check out a Jackson Hole Rodeo, and get lost in the open fields at the National Elk Refuge. The Tetons are snowcapped year-round — though the Grand Teton National Park is always worth it, rain or shine.

Asheville, NC

Just a two-hour drive from the Charlotte airport is this bohemian haven for nature lovers. Nestled in the Blue Ridge Mountains, Asheville has it all: a vibrant art and music scene, award-winning eateries inspired by global and Appalachian influences, and all the outdoorsy adventure nature lovers love to do. Travel along the scenic Blue Ridge Parkway toward The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, where you can hike, bike, and go chasing waterfalls. The Deep Creek Waterfall hike is a 5-mile loop known for its three beautiful waterfalls. Post-hike, book a treatment (they offer day passes) at the subterranean spa at the Omni Grove Park Inn and float underneath cavernous rock walls, arches and tunnels. Take a self-guided tour of the gardens at the 19th-century chateau-style home of George Washington Vanderbilt's Biltmore Estate. Set in a vintage home in the historic Biltmore Village, Corner Kitchen is a farm-to-table favorite with elevated Southern-style cuisine. Finally, art studio hop in the River Arts District, located on Asheville's picturesque French Broad River, to wrap your Asheville to do list.

Zion National Park, UT

Zion National Park is a stunning destination in the fall, when the fall foliage contrasts with the park's beautiful red rock cliffs and the cooler temps make hiking and exploring more comfortable. Hike popular trails like Angels Landing and The Narrows, achallenging hike that leads to a beautiful natural formation known as The Subway, a tube-like canyon with cascading waterfalls. Wildlife is more active this time of year so you may get more sightings of mule deer, foxes, bats, and bighorn sheep. Angels Landing combines stunning red rock scenery with a breathtaking view. (Expect to wade through the waters of the Virgin River). Stay at the Driftwood Lodge located close to the Canyon Overlook Trail with al fresco dining at the on-site restaurant, Kings Landing Bistro.

Sedona, AZ

Sedona’s breathtaking Boynton Canyon is home to the iconic wellness retreat Mii amo, which offers casitas with private balconies, in-room kiva fireplaces and soaking tubs, as well as a new restaurant called Hummingbird. The chef-created menu at Hummingbird includes items like salmon ceviche, duck breast, poulet rouge, and gluten-free and vegan selections. Next door at neighboring property Enchantment Resort you’ll find 400 miles of trails. Take a stargazing tour, hike Devil's Bridge and Cathedral Rock, and enjoy Mi Amo's daily guided meditations.

Bar Harbor and Acadia National Park, ME

Bar Harbor, located on Mount Desert Island in Maine, is a picturesque town known for its stunning beauty and wild neighbor, Acadia National Park. In the fall, Bar Harbor becomes a sea of red, orange, and yellow. Stay at the Little Fig Inn and walk around Bar Harbor's quaint shops, cozy cafes, and seafood restaurants like Sweet Pea's Farm Kitchen, a farm-to-table seafood and pizza spot. Acadia National Park is known for its rugged coastline and granite peaks. Cadillac Mountain, the highest point on the East Coast, offers breathtaking views (hike The Precipice Trail for amazing vistas of the Atlantic). Wildlife is busy this time of year so look out for spot deer, foxes, and tons of bird species.

Romantic Fall Weekend Escapes

Paris, France

Enjoy the calm after the Olympic storm this fall — or any fall afterwards — when Parisians return home and the city gets back to its charming scene of cafes, museums, and in the fall, golden leaves and crisp air. The Champs-Élysées and Jardin des Tuileries are lined with autumn foliage, perfect for strolls and "reading" picnics. Grab lunch and a macaron at Ladurée after shopping on the Champs-Élysées. The cooler temps and smaller crowds make it an ideal time to visit famous landmarks like the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, and Notre-Dame Cathedral. Fall also kicks off new art exhibits, theater performances, and music concerts across the city. Parisian cafés and bistros are enticing with warm and comforting dishes like onion soup, coq au vin, and decadent pastries. Sip a café au lait at Café Charlot in Le Marais, and explore the city markets in neighborhoods like the Montmartre. Très Bien!

San Francisco, CA

San Francisco comes alive during its Indian summer when it's finally warmer than actual summer. The city’s infamous Karl the Fog gives way to clear, sunny skies and the city is seriously magical. Stay at the Inn at the Presidio inside the beautiful The Presidio of San Francisco, a national park at the Golden Gate Bridge, which is right across the street. Enjoy the view with locals at the First Sunday Afternoons at Presidio Tunnel Tops, where the city's best food trucks gather, or grab a bite at Sessions at the Presidio, a buzzy craft-beer bar and gastropub with a modern decor and outdoor seating. Walk along the beach at Crissy Field Park, grab a hot chocolate at The Warming Hut, and sit with the seagulls while looking out on the Bay, the Bridge, and Alcatraz. Fall is also the season for festivals, including the free Hardly Strictly Bluegrass music festival in early October. Explore the neighborhoods like Pacific Heights along bustling Fillmore Street (grab a coffee at cute Jane Cafe) and Hayes Valley for indie shopping, outdoor beer garden Biergarten, and delicious sweets at French-inspired Miette. For sure grab a cocktail atop the InterContinental Mark Hopkins Hotelfor a fantastic 360-degree view of the city.

Lake Geneva, WI

Known for it scenic beauty, Lake Geneva in Wisconsin is a popular resort town, perfect for a fall romantic getaway. Stay at the cozy The Geneva Inn near Big Foot Beach State Park and Riviera Beach. Stroll theLake Geneva Shore Path for breathtaking views of the lake, where you can kayak, paddleboard, or take a boat toursurrounded by midwest autumn at its most beautiful. Lake Geneva’s historic downtown is a mix of boutiques, antique shops, and cozy cafes like the House of Bogini, a planet-friendly cafe with European spin.Visit the Black Point Estate and Gardens for history and architecture inspiration and a walk around the grounds for a stunning fall scene.

Sonoma, CA

Sonoma in the fall is New England meets wine country. The vineyards change to beautiful colors of red and gold, the nights start to cool, but the day weather is still sundress temps. The Lodge at Sonoma is a perfect stay and one of my favorite spa experiences. Grab an outdoor lunch at beautiful Layla at the MacArthur Hotel, and stay warm on chilly fall nights at the firepits at The Fairmont Mission Inn & Spa — perfect for grabbing a bite to eat and a cocktail. Take a bike ride along the Sonoma bike path to the town square for shopping and eating (Sunflower Caffe has a darling garden in the back) and Valley Bar and Bottle offers inventive California cuisine that's sourced locally and so delicious in an outdoor setting. The bike path leads to two Sonoma wineries — Bartholomew Estate Winery, where you can do a short hike into the oak grove of the winery or horseback ride in the park and California's first winery, Buena Vista Winery, built in 1857. Three Sticks Winery is another downtown gem on your way back to the Lodge.

For Dryness

Good Molecules Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Hyaluronic acid is a beast at drawing more moisture to the surface of your skin for a super-hydrated look. If you feel like your current moisturizer isn't doing enough (especially as fall and winter near), apply a dollop of this $6 serum underneath to boost your radiance and banish any and all dryness!

The Ordinary Hyaluronic Acid 2% + B5

The Ordinary also makes a stunning hyaluronic acid serum for just $10! They produce this product with additional vitamin B5 in it, which enhances the formula's ability to promote skin "suppleness and elasticity, while minimizing the appearance of fine dry lines."

Byoma Hydrating Serum

With three ceramides, squalene, and glycerin, this $16 serum claims to deliver a "surge of hydration" to the skin. Ceramides help protect the skin barrier, while the rest of the formula ensure your skin's hydration is totally replenished. Furthermore, it's oil-free, non-comedogenic, and alcohol- and fragrance-free, so it won't clog up or irritate your face with unnecessary (and often ineffective) ingredients.

For Hyperpigmentation

Naturium Vitamin C Complex Serum

Vitamin C serums are great for tackling hyperpigmentation because not only does vitamin C help defend the skin from environmental stressors, it also acts as an antioxidant to keep skin looking radiant and protects from sun damage (though only slightly – make sure to pair it with a strong SPF for effective UV protection). This $12 product from Naturium is a great place to start if you're tired of pesky dark spots!

Cocokind Vitamin C Glow Serum

Cocokind's gentle $22 vitamin C serum is boosted with sea grape caviar extract and hyaluronic acid to give it hydrating benefits in addition to its skin tone-evening and dark spot-fading properties. It also includes azelaic acid which helps tackle any texture – woohoo for multitasking serums!

Good Molecules Niacinamide Serum

Speaking of multitasking, niacinamide is the ultimate multitasker since it targets breakouts, uneven skin tone, enlarged pores, and dull texture. This $6 serum is designed to help to "reduce signs of moisture loss" and is especially beneficial for those with combination, oily, and acne-prone skin.

For Wrinkles + Fine Lines

CeraVe Retinol Serum

Using retinol regularly can help increase skin cell turnover, contributing to refined, smoothed texture (including breakouts, dark spots, and wrinkles) and a stronger skin barrier. This $19 serum is formulated with encapsulated retinol, which is a gentler retinol designed to soak deeper into the skin to deliver its benefits.

COSRX Snail Mucin 96% Power Repairing Essence

This potent $15 serum targets dull, dehydrated skin with snail mucin. The snail essence not only hydrates the skin, but it locks in moisture to prevent moisture loss in the future, which is helpful for reducing signs of aging. It's gentle enough for sensitive skin types and doesn't feel heavy on the skin!

Cocokind Ceramide Barrier Serum

This $22 serum also helps lock in moisture with an effective blend of ceramides and fatty acids. It also includes squalene and beta glucan, which are reportedly "20% more hydrating" than hyaluronic acid. If your skin is dealing with bouts of dryness and wrinkles, boosting your hydration routine with this safe-for-all-skin-types serum will deliver noticeable benefits over time.

For Acne + Texture

The Ordinary Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% Brightening Serum

This $6 serum boasts a blend of niacinamide and zinc, which in combination help reduce signs of congestion and texture on the skin. Over time, it also aids in brightening the skin for a more radiant, even look.

Versed Press Restart Gentle Retinol Serum

This gentle retinol serum (also made with encapsulated retinol – so no irritation!) was made for aging, dark spots, acne, and clogged pores. The gentle retinol is met by anti-inflammatory antioxidants that balance out its exfoliating effects and boost collagen production.

Good Molecules Discoloration Correcting Face Serum

Made specifically to tackle age spots, acne scars, hyperpigmentation, and sun damage, this $12 serum formulated with tranexamic acid and 4% niacinamide is an easy add to your current skincare routine. It layers effortlessly under moisturizers and SPF to work its magic over time.